Leptospirosis, currently a worldwide zoonotic disease, has been recognized as an important emerging infectious disease in the past few decades. The clinical manifestations of leptospirosis are nonspecific and may resemble those of other diseases, such as dengue fever, often causing misdiagnosis. There was report from Malaysia showed about 38% cases were misdiagnosed as dengue. Early diagnosis of the disease is crucial for early interventions, but current diagnostic methods are not useful in early diagnosis, costly or often not readily available in many resource-poor countries. Thus, no diagnostic technique is completely satisfactory, and the absence of an adequate laboratory test remains the key barrier for diagnosis of this disease. Therefore, availability of a rapid, sensitive and cost-effective point-of-care diagnostic test is essential to diagnose the disease for early treatment regimen before the disease aggravate.
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